Article I, Section 2: Composition and Function of the House of RepresentativesĪrticle I of the Constitution specifies the powers, duties, and responsibilities of each of the two houses of Congress. The Great Compromise (or Connecticut Compromise) gives each state equal representation in the Senate while ensuring equal representation per citizen in the House. Capitol Visitor Center explains.Īt the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from Connecticut proposed that the seats in the House be assigned based on population, while the seats in the Senate be assigned two per state. They hoped that by dividing legislative power between two houses, they’d be able to ensure equal representation for residents of all states, as the U.S. The framers of the Constitution knew that it was important to protect the smaller states of the newly formed Union from being overshadowed by their more populous counterparts. Constitution: Difference Between House and Senate They interact with the executive and judicial branches to implement the checks and balances that keep all three branches functioning and prevent any single branch from abusing its power. Together, the House and Senate form the legislative branch of government. While both houses of Congress work together to propose and enact the laws that govern our country, the differences between the House and Senate ensure that each chamber in this bicameral (“two room”) system has distinct roles and responsibilities. Congress is often referred to as a single entity, but it’s actually a combination of two distinct groups: the House of Representatives and the Senate. How Their Differences Make the House and Senate Stronger.
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